Metaphilosophy & Method · Sources of philosophical evidence

Philosophical Naturalism

Philosophy is continuous with science; there is no privileged route to knowledge outside it.

What it claims

Philosophical naturalism rejects a first philosophy that stands outside science to provide its foundations. Philosophy instead works in continuity with scientific methods and findings. Ontological naturalism denies a supernatural realm; methodological versions require philosophical claims to engage with our best science.

Nearby positions

Key thinkers

W. V. O. Quine · David Papineau · Philip Kitcher · Wilfrid Sellars · Penelope Maddy