Philosophy of Law · The conceptual relation between law and morality

Legal Positivism

The existence and content of law ultimately depend on social sources.

What it claims

Legal positivism explains law ultimately through social facts. A rule’s legal status does not by itself establish its moral merit or a duty to obey it. Hart rejects reducing law to commands backed by threats and instead describes a union of primary rules governing conduct and secondary rules of recognition, change, and adjudication.

Nearby positions

Key thinkers

H. L. A. Hart · Hans Kelsen · Joseph Raz · Jeremy Bentham · John Austin